西班牙莫雷拉城堡修复设计 | Carquero Arquitectura

▼项目鸟瞰

Aerial view ©Joan Roig

本案目的在于保护和修复现存的砖石结构城堡，保留城堡顶部、缺损处和表面上岁月雕刻的痕迹，避免过于逼真地还原城堡原貌。

The general criterion for intervention has been to restore and consolidate the existing masonry, maintaining their ruinous physiognomy, mainly in their crowns, hollows and surfaces, avoiding reinterpretation of the original state.

▼避免对原有基址的过度修饰

Avoiding reinterpretation of the original state ©Joan Roig

在结构上需要填补的位置，设计师主要选用了石灰混凝土材料，并用不锈钢以及玻璃纤维等进行加固，它们的色调和纹理和谐地融入了那些具有明显地层特征的石块中。同时对于新增的功能性结构，则主要使用了经钛蒸汽处理的不锈钢材料，与其他构件很好地结合在一起。

For the necessary added structural elements, have been used compatible materials such as lime concrete, with stainless steel and glass fibre reinforcing, with tones and textures that integrate with the rest of the interesting historical stratigraphy of the existing and discovered masonry. In the same way, for the necessary added functional elements such as carpentry, it has been used stainless steel with titanium steam treatment, giving it a finish that integrates with the rest of the intervention. 

▼与原有建筑匹配的修复材料

For the necessary added structural elements, have been used compatible materials ©Joan Roig

带有射击孔的城墙长约70米，高约14米。该区域的改造重点在于加固结构预防墙体倒塌，以及场地清理和修复等。在墙体外侧安置了四个扶壁以加固地基，覆盖露出的地面，同时也修补加固了墙体的裂痕。

In the area of the loopholed wall, about 70 meters long and about 14 meters high, the main work has been focused on the structural consolidation, being at risk of collapse, as well as the cleaning and restoration. Outside the walls, four buttresses have been placed, reinforcing the foundation, recovering the exported land and sealing and consolidation of cracks.

▼防止墙壁倒塌设置的扶壁

Four buttresses have been placed outside the walls ©Joan Roig

项目拆除了一座西班牙卡洛斯战争时期的构筑物，以减少对城堡墙体结构的影响，随之发掘出的众多考古遗迹被转移到莫雷拉城堡进行展示。此外还发现了三座一直不被人所知的石灰炉，炉中仍可见中世纪的夯土，有待进一步发掘。积水是城堡砖石结构受损的主要原因，为此项目设计了具有排水功能的硬质铺装和管道，引导雨水流入已有的户外水池。

In the interior of the walls, an important volume from Carlist War period fillings has been removed because of they affected structurally the wall, appearing numerous archaeological remains, deposited in the Museum of the Castle of Morella, as well as the finding of three lime ovens, leaving visible  medieval rammed-earth that remained hidden. For the collection of rainwater, the main cause of the pathologies caused in the mansory of the Castle, a system of diffuse pavements and pipes has been arranged that direct the waters to a pre-existing outdoor pool.

▼路面与排水系统

Road surface and drainage system ©Joan Roig

▼现存的室外水池

The pre-existing outdoor pool ©Joan Roig

设计将城堡围墙步道重新打通，并修缮了楼梯和受损的墙体，再次建立了与圣弗朗西斯科塔的交通联系。城堡的所有砖石结构均得到修复，包括坡道及其附属建筑。

The access to the Sant Francesc Tower has been recovered by the execution of the roof in its wall-walks annex, its stairs, and the increase of the semi-demolished wall and the tense. All the masonry has been restored, including the ramp and  its annex building.

▼用景观窗填补的墙体

Landscape view window that fills the wall ©Joan Roig

▼通往圣弗朗西斯科塔的新路

The new access to the Sant Francesc Tower ©Joan Roig

▼道路细节

The detail of access to the Sant Francesc Tower ©Joan Roig

在帕达拉塔周围，项目清除了所有后来增加的构筑物，将建筑自身的表面暴露出来，便于实施防水工程，加设雨水收集系统，被侵蚀的表面也被修补完好，恢复了最初的外观。建筑外部全部翻修一新，过程中还有意外的发现，如嵌入塔身的炮弹和一艘隐藏的炮艇。

In the area of Pardala Tower, the entire filling has been emptied to its original level to be able to waterproof and systematize the collection of water, executing his lost cover. The exterior masonry has been restored, with curious finds such as cannonballs embedded in the Tower, or a hidden gunboat.

▼意外发现的炮台 

The battery ©Joan Roig 

此外，该区域还发现了一座古老的悬空厕所，项目用木质构件对其进行了加固，这种工艺凸显了古老城堡的支撑结构，1838年，它们曾经目睹了卡洛斯的军队入驻。

In the same area, the ancient overhanging latrines, that remained undetected, have been enhancement, executing a carpentry that allows to emphasize and to leave visible the corbels of this important historical element, to be the point of entry in 1838 of the Carlist troops.

▼经过加固与翻修后的悬空厕所

The enhancement of the ancient overhanging latrines ©Joan Roig

▼悬空厕所的支撑结构清晰可见

Ancient overhanging latrines, the corbels is visible ©Joan Roig

▼城堡内部

Inside the castle ©Joan Roig

▼城堡新入口

The new entrance ©Joan Roig

▼区位图

Site location ©Carquero Arquitectura

▼改造前平面

Plan before the project ©Carquero Arquitectura

▼改造后平面

Plan after the project ©Carquero Arquitectura

▼建筑加固

Architecture consolidation ©Carquero Arquitectura

▼损害分析图

©Carquero Arquitectura

▼结构详图

Constructoin detail ©Carquero Arquitectura

▼细部详图

Renovation details ©Carquero Arquitectura

_项目信息

_{项目名称：莫雷拉城堡“圣弗朗西斯科”和“帕达拉”区域的加固与修复}

_{项目地址：莫雷拉，卡斯特利翁省，西班牙}

_{建筑设计：Carlos Quevedo Rojas / Carlos Peinado Madueño. (Carquero Arquitectura)}

_{发起单位： SG del Instituto del Patrimonio Cultural de España, Dirección General de Bellas Artes (Ministerio de Cultura)}

_{合作单位：Cristina Pérez Prado / Joaquín Martín Rizo / Alejandro Izquierdo Toscano / Gloria Rivero Lamela}

_{建筑结构：Fermín Font Mezquita}

_{考古专家：Ramiro Pérez Millán}

_{建筑建造：Urcotex Inmobiliaria S.L.U.}

_{建设管理：Josep Brazo i Ramírez}

_{项目目的：修复}

_{面积：1.400 m2}

_{建造费用：1.511.895,00欧元}

_{项目时间：2015-2017}

_{施工阶段：2019-2021}

_{完成时间：27/05/2021}

_{摄影师：Joan Roig}

_{Project: Consolidation and restoration in the area of “Sant Francesc” and “La Pardala” in Morella Castle.}

_{Situation: Morella (Castellón, Spain)}

_{Architects: Carlos Quevedo Rojas / Carlos Peinado Madueño. (Carquero Arquitectura)}

_{Promotor: SG del Instituto del Patrimonio Cultural de España, Dirección General de Bellas Artes (Ministerio de Cultura).}

_{Collaborators: Cristina Pérez Prado / Joaquín Martín Rizo / Alejandro Izquierdo Toscano / Gloria Rivero Lamela}

_{Technical Architect: Fermín Font Mezquita}

_{Archaeologist:  Ramiro Pérez Millán}

_{Builder:  Urcotex Inmobiliaria S.L.U.}

_{Construction manager: Josep Brazo i Ramírez}

_{Use: Restauración}

_{Surface:  1.400 m2}

_{Construction price: 1.511.895,00 €}

_{Project date: 2015-2017}

_{Execution date: 2019-2021}

_{Completion date: 27/05/2021}

_{Photographer: Joan Roig}

_{版权声明：本文版权归原作者所有，请勿以景观中国编辑版本转载。如有侵犯您的权益请及时联系，我们将第一时间删除。}

_{投稿邮箱：info@landscape.cn}

_{项目咨询：18510568018（微信同号）}