波兰NAWA公共雕塑装置设计 | Oskar Zieta

NAWA所在的Daliowa岛是弗罗茨瓦夫市中心的十几个岛屿中最小的一个。该项目旨在将一个被人们忽略和遗忘的空间转变为开放的公共场地，居民们可以在这里集会、举办音乐会和艺术活动。

^{NAWA is part of revitalization programme for Daliowa Island – the smallest of over a dozen islands in downtown Wrocław. Aim of the programme was to turn neglected and forgotten space into an area open to meetings, concerts and artistic events, thus a reclamation to city inhabitants.}

^{▲视频，video © Oskar Zieta}

^{▲项目概览，overall view of the space © Oskar Zieta}

^{▲城市环境，urban context © Oskar Zieta}

这座建筑雕塑由35个仿生钢拱构成，形式上参考了岛屿的形状，以及附近大教堂岛上建造于11世纪的历史建筑。这些拱状结构共同创造出一个超轻且耐用的结构，抛光的镜面表皮反映出周围的环境，同时让雕塑本身随着时间和季节的变化呈现出不同的观感。

This architectural, public sculpture consists of 35 bionic steel arches referring in form to the shape of the island and most of all to construction of nearby historic architecture of Ostrów Tumski originally established in XI century. The arches together create an ultralight, durable construction, its mirror-polished surface reflects the surroundings and gives the effect of a naturally growing sculpture that changes throughout the day and seasons.

^{▲设计示意，diagram © Oskar Zieta}

^{▲草图，sketches © Oskar Zieta}

^{▲35个拱状结构创造出一个超轻且耐用的结构，35 arches together create an ultralight, durable construction © Oskar Zieta}

^{▲抛光不锈钢镜面，mirror-polished stainless steel surface © Oskar Zieta}

NAWA是庆祝弗罗茨瓦夫在2016年获得欧洲文化之都称号的“加冕”设计。使用拱形结构的灵感源于附近的圣约翰大教堂、市场大厅、Ossolineum基金会及其图书馆建筑。仿生的拱门形式呼应了岛屿的形状和周围的建筑环境。

^{NAWA is the crowning piece of celebrating European Capital of Culture – Wrocław 2016. The inspiration for use of arc construction was inspired by nearby Cathedral of St. John the Baptist, Market Hall, The Ossolineum and its library. The form of bionic arch goes along with shape of the very island and corresponds with surrounding architecture.}

^{▲设计灵感，inspiration © Oskar Zieta}

^{▲雕塑近景，close views to the sculpture © Oskar Zieta}

借助原创的算法和基于专业软件的参数化设计，雕塑的形体被分割为多个单元。该方法允许调整受力方向，并基于实时性（有限元模拟）来对生产、运输和耐久性进行优化。

^{Designed shape of the object was divided into individual pieces with original algorithm and in specialist software for parametric design. It allowed to adjust the force arrow and to optimize production, transport and endurance on the basis of real time (FEM Simulation).}

^{▲模型，modeling © Oskar Zieta}

^{▲3d打印模型，3d printed prototypes © Oskar Zieta}

考虑到雕塑的位置和尺寸，每个拱形单元均在城市东北部的一个旧船厂中制造，然后用驳船直接运送至Daliowa岛。

^{Because of location and size of sculpture, individual arches were executed in old dockyard, north-east of the city, and delivered riverine on barges directly to Daliowa Island.}

^{▲运输，transport © Oskar Zieta}

雕塑的制作采用了独创的FiDU技术（自由内压塑形），能够在金属薄板中创造量身定制的、适应力的方向的超轻结构部件。仿生拱在被切割出来之后沿着边缘焊接在一起，随后在内部充满压缩空气。这种结构可以将2D的物体改变为耐用且轻盈的3D形式。

^{The sculpture was made with original FiDU technology (free inner pressure forming) which allows to create tailored, adjusted to force arrow, ultralight construction elements in sheet metal. Bionic arches were cut out and welded along the edges and then inflated with compressed air. It allows to change flat 2D objects into durable and light 3D forms.}

^{▲自由内压塑形，free inner pressure forming © Oskar Zieta}

^{▲制造和装配，production and installation © Oskar Zieta}

抛光镜面不锈钢的表面呈现出水波般的起伏感，反映着周围不断变化的一切。NAWA是第一个使用FiDU技术自造的如此庞大的物体，作为一个在当初颇具争议性的作品，它如今已经成为了受欢迎的聚会、拍照和艺术活动场所。

^{Slightly wavy surface of mirror-polished stainless steel resembles surface of the water which reflects everything around and changes throughout the day and seasons. NAWA is the first object made with FiDU technology for such an immense scale and also its manifesto. The initially controversial project became a popular spot for meetings, photo shots and artistic events.}

^{▲雕塑与人的活动，sculpture and people’s activities © Oskar Zieta}

自2017年6月正式揭幕以来，NAWA在建筑界也受到了广泛认可，吸引了全球评论家和最具影响力的门户网站的关注。在《Architektura-Murator》杂志举办的竞赛中，NAWA被评为2017年波兰最具创新性的建筑项目。 2018年12月，NAWA还被世界最著名建筑奖项之一的密斯奖（欧盟当代建筑奖）提名。

^{Since unveiling in June 2017, the sculpture has been gaining recognition in architectural space, attracting the attention of critics and the most influential portals from around the world. During the finals of the competition organized by the Architektura-Murator magazine, she was chosen as the most innovative Polish architectural project of 2017. In December 2018, the sculpture was nominated for the European Union Prize for Contemporary Architecture – Mies van der Rohe Award 2019 – one of the most important and prestigious architectural awards in the world.}

^{▲雕塑夜景，night view © Oskar Zieta}

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