第三届北林国际花园建造节一等奖：成都帘暮卷装置设计 | 天津大学建筑学院

2020年成都公园城市国际花园节暨第三届北林国际花园建造节于10月24—11月24日在成都桂溪生态公园向公众开放展览。天津大学参赛作品“帘幕卷”荣获2020年成都公园城市国际花园节暨第三届北林国际花园建造节一等奖。

“帘幕卷”是一个极具韵律感、神秘感的竹构花园，共历时三天半完成。竹构全部使用竹片进行搭建，完美展现出竹片既是支撑结构，又是表皮，更是韵律空间的一体化形态，编织的操作把竹片柔韧耐弯的优势特性发挥到极致。

^{The 2020 Chengdu Park City International Garden Festival and the third Beijing Forestry University International Garden Construction Festival has been open to the public at Chengdu Guixi Ecological Park from October 24th to November 24th. The “Picture Scroll Of Bamboo Curtain” from Tianjin University won the first prize of Chengdu Park City International Garden Festival and the third Beijing Forestry University International Garden Construction Festival in 2020.}

^{“Picture Scroll Of Bamboo Curtainl”is a bamboo garden with a sense of rhythm and mystery, which took three and a half days to complete. The bamboo structure was all built with bamboo pieces, which perfectly shows that the bamboo pieces are not only the supporting structure, but also the skin, and the integrated form of the rhythmic space. The weaving operation maximizes the advantages of the flexibility and bending resistance of the bamboo pieces.}

^{▲航拍顶视图，aerial top view © 天津大学建筑学院}

概念生成  

^{Concept generation}

本届花园建造节的主题是“秘境花园”。设计团队认为秘境不仅仅是视线上的遮挡，更是空间体验上的变化万千。方案根据“珠帘幕卷”的理念展开设计，希望花竹相融、帘幕载卷。竹片交织形成竹帘，竹帘旋转生成帘幕，帘幕叠加构成画卷。以纯粹的编织形式建造竹构，由简入繁，亦实亦虚，境融竹中，形成亦梦亦幻的“帘幕卷”秘境花园。

^{The theme of this garden construction is “secret garden”. The design team believed that mystery is not only a occlusion of the line of sight, but also a variety of spatial experience. The project was designed according to the concept of “bead curtain roll”, hoping that the flowers and bamboo will blend together and the curtain will be rolled up.The bamboo pieces were interwoven to form a bamboo curtain, which rotates to create a curtain roll, and the curtains were superimposed to form a picture scroll. The bamboo structure was constructed with a pure weaving form, from simple to complex, both real and virtual, and the environment melts into the bamboo, forming a “Picture Scroll of Bamboo Curtain” secret garden that is also dreamy and fantasy.}

^{▲概念生成图，concept generation © 天津大学建筑学院}

形态推演 

^{Form deduction}

竹材是一种强度高、韧性大的结构材料，与木材相比，有着极为轻质又易弯成曲线轮廓的弹力特性。“帘幕卷”始终注重体现竹性及相应的建构美学，对五股竹片进行弯曲扭转、旋转交织，组成基本框架，让本来轻质易变形的柔软结构通过相互之间的力形成稳定的结构。同时在保证原有形式逻辑的同时，增加了特殊的两股竹片，使得竹片交织点更多，整体结构不易形变。力争在符合力学逻辑与美学原理基础上，使构筑物的结构、表皮、空间、形态一体化，同时保证竹构肌理富有韵律，节点衔接巧妙。并利用Grasshopper结合Rhino来推敲模型，经过多次的调整，确定了最终方案。

^{Bamboo is a structural material with high strength and toughness. Compared with wood, it has the characteristics of being extremely light and easy to bend into a curved contour. “Picture Scroll of Bamboo Curtain” always pays attention to reflecting the characteristics of bamboo and structural aesthetics. The five groups of bamboo pieces were bent, twisted, rotated and interwoven to form the basic frame, so that the originally lightweight and easily deformable soft structure can form a stable structure through mutual force. At the same time, while ensuring the original formal logic, special two-strand bamboo pieces were added to increase the intersection of bamboo pieces and the overall structure is not easy to deform. Strive to integrate the structure, skin, space, and form of the structure on the basis of conforming to the mechanics logic and aesthetic principles, while ensuring that the bamboo texture is rich in rhythm and the nodes are artfully connected. Grasshopper and Rhino were used to refine the model. After several adjustments, the final plan was determined.}

^{▲结构分析图，structural analysis © 天津大学建筑学院}

结构推敲 

^{Structural consideration}

为了探讨实地建造过程中可能存在的问题，在实地建造之前，天津大学团队使用竹片等材料以1:1比例在天津大学水利馆进行了竹构的预搭建。

^{In order to explore the possible problems in the on-site construction process, before construction, the Tianjin University team used bamboo pieces and other materials to pre-build the bamboo structure in the Tianjin University Water Conservancy Pavilion at a ratio of 1:1.}

^{▲整个构筑物由7组竹片扭转编织，最终达到结构、表皮、空间、形态一体化，The whole structure is twisted and woven by 7 groups of bamboo pieces, and finally achieves the integration of structure, skin, space and form © 天津大学建筑学院}

在搭建过程中，考虑到顶部编织节点较多，且对整体形态影响较大，团队决定采用先编织顶部的方法来确保形态美感。为便于搭建，设计了合适的支撑结构，在竹片基本编织完成后撤去。在底部处理上，采用圆环落地的方法，把竹片错落有致的收在底部圆环上，保证了搭建可行性。在节点连接上，在竹片之间加入相同规格的竹环以保证每组竹片间距相等，并使用长螺杆和螺母来固定结构，从而达到疏密有致的效果。

^{During the construction process, considering that there are many knitting nodes on the top part which may have a greater impact on the overall shape, the team decided to weave the top first to ensure the aesthetic appearance. In order to facilitate the erection, a suitable supporting structure was designed and removed after the basic weaving of bamboo pieces is completed. In the treatment of the bottom part , the bamboo pieces were collected on the bottom ring which was landed on the ground in a staggered manner to ensure the feasibility of construction. In the nodes connection, bamboo rings of the same specification were added between the bamboo pieces to ensure the equal spacing of each group of bamboo chips, and the structure was fixed with long screws and nuts to achieve the effect of sparse and dense rhythm.}

^{▲疏密有致的效果，effect of sparse and dense rhythm © 天津大学建筑学院}

现场搭建 

^{On-site construction}

整个建造过程包括材料分类、竹片连接、主体结构搭建、节点固定等各项工作。第一天进行材料分类，连接竹片并编织顶部，并用竹竿进行支撑。第二天强化结构，竹片编织与节点固定同时进行。第三天拆掉支撑的竹竿，调整竹片的位置，优化整体外观。

^{The entire construction process includes material classification, bamboo pieces connection, main structure construction, and node fixing, etc. On the first day, the materials were sorted, the bamboo pieces were connected and the top was weaved and supported by bamboo poles. On the second day, the structure was strengthened, and the weaving of bamboo and the fixing of the nodes were carried out simultaneously. On the third day, the supporting bamboo poles were removed, and the position of the bamboo pieces was adjusted to optimize the overall appearance.}

^{▲内外空间，Interior and exterior space © 天津大学建筑学院}

在现场搭建的过程中，根据预搭建的经验，增加了10%的竹构高度，保证了在撤去支撑结构及竹构形变后出现较为完美的形态效果。同时增加了底部节点数量，使竹构更加稳固，在没有任何圆竹支撑的情况下，通过竹片间的相互作用力，真正实现了构筑物结构—表皮—空间—形态的一体化，让竹构达到柔软与坚韧的和谐统一。

^{In the process of on-site construction, according to the pre-built experience, the height of bamboo structure was increased by 10%, which ensured the perfect shape effect after removing the support structure and deformation of bamboo structure. At the same time, the number of nodes at the bottom was increased to make the bamboo structure more stable. Without any round bamboo support, through the interaction between bamboo pieces, the integration of structure, skin, space and shape of the structure was truly realized, making the bamboo structure achieve the harmonious unity of softness and tenacity.}

^{▲白天的“帘幕卷”以及细部，“Picture Scroll Of Bamboo Curtain” and the details during the day © 天津大学建筑学院}

花境营造 

^{Flower border construction}

花园意境营造与竹构干净、整洁的形式相呼应。花境设计采用曲线形式，利用藿香蓟、墨西哥鼠尾草、佛甲草、金边阔叶麦冬、迷迭香等组合烘托意境，在花园入口处，主要使用马缨丹、马利筋、超级向日葵、舞春花、矮石竹等彩色系花材点缀，增强入口的层次感及神秘感。同时，以粉黛乱子草、玲珑芒等观赏草进一步围合空间，营造神秘的空间体验。人们穿梭其中，衣摆轻轻扫过花序，感受自然野趣。整体花境高低错落，空间层次感丰富。

^{The artistic conception of the garden echoes the clean and tidy form of the bamboo structure. The flower border design adopts curve form, and uses leafy plants such as Ageratum conyzoides L.、Salvia leucantha、Sedum lineare Thunb.、Liriope muscari ‘Variegata’、Rosmarinus officinalis etc. to build an artistic conception.At the entrance of the garden, colorful flowers such as Lantana camara L.、 Asclepias curassavica L.、Helianthus annuus、Calibrchoa Million Bells、Dianthus magic charms F1 Hybrid Dwarf. were used to embellish the layering and mysteriousness of the entrance. At the same time, the space was further enclosed by ornamental grasses such as Muhlenbergia capillaris (Lam.) Trin.、Miscanthussinensis ‘Adagio’，creating a mysterious space experience. When people shuttle among them, the hem of the clothes will gently swept the inflorescence, the natural wild interest will be felt. The overall height of the flower border is uneven, and the spatial sense is rich.}

^{▲夜晚的“帘幕卷”以及细部， “Picture Scroll Of Bamboo Curtain” and the details at night © 天津大学建筑学院}

花园底部用卵石和碎石铺地，结合弯曲的圆竹形成自然的路径，与竹构相统一，营造了一座吸引人进入、探索的秘境花园。

^{The ground of the garden is paved with pebbles and gravel, combined with curved round bamboos to form a natural path, which is unified with the bamboo structure, creating a secret garden that attracts people to enter and explore.}

^{▲植物配置平面图，Plants layout plan © 天津大学建筑学院}

^{▲项目团队合影， photo of the team © 天津大学建筑学院}

^{项目名称：帘暮卷}

^{设计方：天津大学建筑学院}

^{项目设计 & 完成年份：2020}

^{指导老师：王洪成 胡一可}

^{团队成员：郭茹 张文正 邓唐敏 顾阳 臧青茹 温雯 杨婷婷 赵玥}

^{技术指导：邓剑}

^{获奖情况：2020年成都公园城市国际花园节暨第三届北林国际花园建造节一等奖}

^{项目地址：成都市高新区桂溪生态公园}

^{建筑面积：16㎡}

^{摄影版权：天津大学建筑学院}

^{合作方：中国风景园林学会，国际竹藤组织，中国风景园林学会教育工作委员会，成都市公园城市建设管理局，北京林业大学园林学院，成都市博览局}

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