深圳漩花园景观设计 | 大小营造

漩花园是一座2021年深圳簕杜鹃花展的展园，它也是一座低成本、可回收的展示性花园。通常情况下，类似的花展结束后，大部分园林材料都会变成垃圾被丢弃，为了重新考虑临时展园的生命周期，我们以预制单元模块的系统设计了“漩花园”。在花展结束后，约90%的材料可以用于异地重建。经过了为期21天的短暂展览后，我们成功回收了种植模块。回收后的种植模块在三个场地发挥了作用：南海意库的公共露台、南海意库小街、社区共建花园。

The Vortex is a low-budget and recyclable display garden at the 2021 Shenzhen Garden Show. In a context where mostly garden materials are turned into trashes after the garden show is completed, the landscape architects propose to reconsider the life cycle of a temporary garden. A prefabricated module system was devised, through which the garden could be restored with 90% of the items after the garden show. After a short period (21days) of exhibition, the landscape architects had retrieved the planter modules right before the dismantling process started. The recycled modules were successfully reused in three places separately - public roof deck, street corner by the sidewalk, and community garden.

▼由种植模块搭建而成的漩花园 ©南西摄影

▼种植模块被再次利用于公共空间中 ©林丙兴

▼2021年的漩花园，由220组种植模块组成 ©南西摄影

挑战

Challenges

在花园创作之初，我们从海洋中提取了漩涡的设计元素，并以海洋生物及演化呈螺旋形上升的生长过程为灵感，通过大地艺术的形式继续为公众打造了一个海洋主题的展园，呼吁人们保护海洋，关注海洋里生物的生存环境现状。

尽管设计思路是清晰的，但面对我们的是一道道的挑战。从设计到建成，除去一个月的建造施工时间，留给设计的时间只有15天。在实地勘探场地后，我们发现场地狭小且有着1.5米高差的坡地，两侧被园路与乔木围合，综合考虑到展览结束后场地需要恢复原状，我们决定顺应场地地势呈现设计，不对场地地形做过多的干预。模块化的建造体系很好的帮助我们解决了这些问题。全园除海浪的基础结构骨架采用焊接形式外，海浪表面的圆形种植盒及顶部悬挂的水母骨架均采用模块装配的形式快速搭建， 既能快速展示设计效果还能有效的控制建造成本，也保证回收时的快速拆除。

The garden were displayed in a form of land art which was abstracted from the whirlpool of the sea. This ocean-themed exhibit series were made to call on public’s attention to ocean environmental protection.

The given timeframe is extremely limited, there were about 30 days for construction and 15 days for design. After site investigation, the team found that the site was quite small and there was a 1.5-meter elevation change. The gardens was designed to follow the existing topography so that the site will remain intact after the flower show. Aggregation of modules help solving these problems. Except several welding for the metal frames, the form of vortex were created with assembling of modular planters, which helped budget control, as well as fast removal.

▼漩涡安装——采取低干预的策略搭建结构骨架，也便于展览结束后快速复原场地 ©大小营造

▼预制模块安装——种植模块采用螺栓快速固定在建筑模板上；顶部悬挂的玻璃纱预先用鱼线缝制在构件上 ©大小营造

提交方案后，我们收到了花展组委会提出的相关办展要求，经过多番协调与沟通后：场地花卉品种70%为簕杜鹃，剩余30%为多年生草本植物。设计面积从320㎡缩减到260㎡，设计高度也降至4m内。海浪种植模块与相应的水母骨架模块的尺寸也由原先的5组缩减至4种。

After the design was submitted, the team received a number of request from the committee. Through coordination and communication, the design was compromised - plant selection was limited to 70% of bougainvillea and 30% of herbal plants; the area was cut from 320㎡ to 260㎡, and the height was lowered to 4m height.

▼植物种植——工人们在快速种植模块内的植物 ©大小营造

▼植物调整——设计师对部分效果不理想的植物进行替换补种 ©大小营造

▼开放前一天的最后矫正 ©森斯

海上生花

Above the Sea

海浪的形态从地面缓缓向上呈向心状涌起，通过220 组可拆卸的金属种植模块与主题花卉有机结合，将不同颜色的花卉通过渐变的手法，模拟海水逐浪的动态过程。种植盒内的花卉，由白色、粉紫色、深蓝色逐渐又过渡到白色， 整体色调呈现比较淡雅，用花卉的色调营造了海面色彩层层递进直至顶端浪花翻涌的唯美景象。为保证海面的完整性及渐变的延续性，这次对种植池内植物的高度也有所限定，没有选择用规格比较大的植物品种。

The Vortex was composed of two spiral landform structure made of 220 prefabricated planters, resembling the waves above the sea. A gradient selection of white, pink, purple, and dark blue flora spread with the planters. A field of vortex was created along with the rising of the planter structure.

▼逐渐呈向心状涌起的“旋涡”©南西摄影

▼人们驻足、观赏、互动 ©南西摄影

▼若隐若现的种植模块 ©南西摄影

海底珊瑚

Under the Sea

沿着两侧缓缓上升的海浪，步入海底珊瑚秘境后，便来到了一处沉浸式的体验空间。我们通过筛选不同形态及颜色的花卉，模仿海底千姿百态的珊瑚。通过海浪底部镜面不锈钢材料的围合，将人在海底畅游的景观 “动”，与园路铺装植物“静”，都倒映在其中，打造了一个绚烂多彩的海底珊瑚世界。结合空中随风摆动的水母，更为中心海底空间增添一份体验上的沉浸感。尽管漩花园的占地面积很小，但无论是进出漩涡带来的空间变化，还是镜面映射的另一个世界，都给不同年龄的人带来了丰富的体验和乐趣。

Along with the path that was framed by the rising vortex, visitors gradually walked into underseas, where succulent and herbal plants with various shapes and colors represent the coral reef. The back sides of the vortex were made of mirror-finish steel panels, which reflect adjacent images, that sensually enlarged the space. The dangling light fabrics were so soft that the light breeze effortlessly made them swim like jellyfish. Even though the footprint of Vortex was modest, the mini garden provided an interesting experience for people to interact with.

▼平面呈螺旋向心的漩花园 ©南西摄影

▼在“海底”玩耍的小朋友们 ©南西摄影

▼傍晚的海底世界 ©南西摄影

▼随⻛摆动的“水母”，材质为白色玻璃纱 ©南西摄影

回收！回用！

Recycle! Reuse!

在为期21天的短暂展览后，园区开始撤展，我们在推土机进园拆除一切材料前回收了种植模块，最终实现了材料回收的愿望。回收后的种植模块在三个场地发挥了作用：南海意库的公共露台、南海意库小街、社区共建花园。空无一物的屋顶露台在放置了模块后，为在该层工作的各行业同事提供了一处工作之余的小憩场所。空旷的街角在布置了模块家具后，成为了有趣、文艺的社交场所。来自深圳蛇口某公益基金会的负责人了解到我们的回收设计后，主动联系到我们并希望支持他在做的一个社区共建花园的项目，这些模块可以用作社区花园里的家具和种植池。我们愉快地达成了一致的目标，剩余的模块将被运送至该社区花园里并重新加以利用，我们期待着这些模块的重生。

After a short period (21 days) of exhibition, the flower show had ended, and the landscape architects had retrieved the planter modules right before the dismantling process started. The recycled modules were successfully reused in three places separately - public roof deck, street corner by the sidewalk, and community garden. The circular modules were reorganized as furniture and planters based on the sizes and locations of the new sites. Whether in the empty roof deck or at the street corner, the reorganized module pieces turned the places into active social spaces.

▼同事们快乐地遇见屋顶露台上的新花园  ©林丙兴

▼步行小街上的“新客厅” ©林丙兴

▼小街的变化吸引了路人驻足拍照 ©林丙兴

▼新置入的种植池家具渐渐为小街带来活力 ©林丙兴

在极限的设计和建造时间内完成的漩花园，采用了预制模块叠加（aggregation）的设计方法，这使得在施工成本有限、工期和施工条件苛刻的环境下，设计的品质依然能得到保证。但让我们最欣慰的，是对模块回收回用的想法终于得以实现。花展作为人们休闲放松与审美熏陶的公共活动，是有其意义的，如果参展的作品能更多地考虑临时展览的生命周期，将渐渐形成可持续办展的风气。模块叠加并不意味着对审美的妥协，相反，这为设计师是否能够创造性地处理原型（prototype）与重复（repetition）之间的关系，提出了更高的要求。当这些设计思考外化成美的形式时，公众能够在欣赏花园的同时收到启发与教育。我们期待在未来看到更多考虑全生命周期的临时展园作品。

Despite The Vortex’s extremely limited timeframe and construction budget, the aggregation of modules improved its construction efficiency. More importantly, the modules could be recycled and reused in another places permanently, instead of being destroyed. The Vortex exhibited paying attention the gardens’ life cycle in temporary flower/garden shows, which are  meaningful public events for recreation and aesthetics appreciation. Aggregation of modules does not mean compromising on creativity in terms of design. Careful study of typology and repetitive structure are the keys to achieve site identity and richness in design. When these design methods are applied as forms, public will be educated while they enjoy the beauty of the work.

▼巧合，漩花园与路旁的另一个展园形成了一个“心”©南西摄影

^项目信息

^{设计名：漩花园}

^{项目名：2021深圳簕杜鹃花展宝安花园}

^{地点：中国，深圳}

^{景观设计：大小营造}

^{设计团队：颜琴，陈翔，王帆，叶星}

^{种花小分队：王帆，颜琴，钟玉娟，张璟雯，王沚鹭，熊铮铮}

^{回收小分队：王帆，颜琴，周世龙，陈志华，张艺斌，袁绍钟，凌嘉巍，王沚鹭，郑毅梅，张璟雯，林渊韬}

^{监制：钟惠城，林丙兴}

^{业主：宝安区城市管理和综合执法局}

^{施工单位：深圳森斯环境艺术工程有限公司}

^{摄影：南西摄影}

^{Project Data}

^{Design Name: The Vortex}

^{Project Name: 2021 Shenzhen Bougainvillea Flower Show Bao’an Garden}

^{Project Location: Shenzhen, China}

^{Landscape Design: Atelier Scale Fabrication Lab}

^{Design Team: Qin Yan, Xiang Chen, Fan Wang, Xing Ye}

^{Planting Support Team: Fan Wang, Qin Yan, Yujuan Zhong, Jingwen Zhang, Zhilu Wang, Zhengzheng Xiong}

^{Recycling Support Team: Fan Wang, Qin Yan, Shilong Zhou, Zhihua Chen, Yibin Zhang, Shaozhong Yuan, Jiawei Ling, Zhilu Wang, Yimei Zheng, Jingwen Zhang, Yuantao Lin}

^{Producer: Huicheng Zhong, Bingxing Lin}

^{Client: Shenzhen Bao’an Urban Management bureau}

^{Construction Contractor:  Shenzhen Sensi Environmental Art Engineering, Ltd}

^{Photo Credit: Nancy Studio}

_{版权声明：本文版权归原作者所有，请勿以景观中国编辑版本转载。如有侵犯您的权益请及时联系，我们将第一时间删除。}

_{投稿邮箱：info@landscape.cn}

_{项目咨询：18510568018（微信同号）}