韩国首尔新光华门•国际设计竞赛项目景观设计 | 中国建筑西北设计研究院

光华门片区在历史变迁过程中，历经风雨，几经兴衰。其原有轴线空间随其所承载的君权思想变化而逐渐弱化，而后完全被城市的交通功能所取代。为打破束缚，令光华门成为韩国新一代理想之地。本设计将立足于光化门始建至今的六百年时光更替，将规划视野定位于百年后的片区风貌打造，力图呈现韩国百年变迁的风貌轮回，以视线关系纯粹，格局清明的文史地脉呼应最初轴线明晰，空间舒朗的六曹大街。

Gwanghwamun District has undergone harsh rises and declines in its historical changes. Its original axis space has been weakened gradually as the change of royalism it carried till it has been fully replaced by the city traffic function. In order to break the restraint and shift Gwanghwamun as an ideal place for the new generation in South Korea, the design will position its planning vision to district building with the style and features a hundred-year later based on six hundred-year time changes of Gwanghwamun since its foundation, trying to present the style and features reincarnation of changes in South Korea. In the meantime, the cultural, historical and geographical contexts that are pure in relationship and clear in pattern are applied to respond to the Six Ministries Street (the Sejong Street's old name in Joseon Dynasty) that is clear in original axis, wide and seductive in space.

^{▲改造百年后效果图}

君子万年  介尔景福  Long live the gentleman, a blessing to you forever

现状光华门广场原有轴线空间被城市的交通功能所取代，同时受到周边高层建筑的压迫与交通关系的割裂，历史价值及庄重氛围无法凸显。

The current situation is that the use of original axis space of the Gwanghwamun Square has been replaced as the city traffic function and the space has been separated by the surrounding high-rise buildings and traffic network at the same time, its historical values and solemn atmosphere cannot be highlighted.

^{▲光华门历史演变分析图}

溯洄百年  荫袭文脉  Date back a hundred years, inherit culture context

通过不同方案的推敲，最终将所有建筑在百年后恢复为最原始纯粹的历史形态，植入绿地草坡，形成文脉森林。

By deliberating different design plans, the final thought focuses on restoring all buildings to their original pure historic morphology a hundred-year ago and implanting green slopes for forming a forest of cultural context.

^{▲方案草图}

随着对项目的了解，方案不断评估优化，用晦有时，择机而发，初期概念在各个阶段持续修正深化。

With the understanding of the project, the plan is constantly evaluated and optimized. The early concepts are continuously revised and deepened in each stage.

城市设计  City Design

历史为魂  格局为首  Take history as the soul and pattern as the principal

在城市设计范围内，复建历史建筑，恢复历史水系，释放人行空间，功能置换；待现状建筑年限到期后不予建设，仅留存建筑基地“台”型地貌，结合绿地填补空缺。逐步改造场地风貌，实行圈层控制，保证在场地内目光所及之处风貌的统一。

Within the scope of city design, construct the historical buildings with their original styles, restore the historical waters and release the walking space to implement function replacement; dismantle the current building after its age limit expiration and only reserve the landform of the building's platform-shaped foundation with greenbelt on it. Gradually transform the style and features of the site by implementing ring layers control to ensure the unification of the style and features at anywhere that can be seen in the site.

^{▲城市设计图则}

^{▲城市设计总平面}

百年变迁  涅槃重生  Nirvana rebirth to hundred-year changes

轴线格局的重塑及纯粹空间的塑造成为对传统的一种回应。在六曹大街原有的尺度下，光华门尺度恢弘，更具庄严肃穆感。以风貌重现，恢复月台、獬豸、历史水系等，塑造场地仪式感氛围，同时加强在城市中承担的历史角色感。

The remodeling of the axis pattern and the pure space become a response to the tradition. Under the original scale of Six Ministries Street, the Gwanghwamun is grand in scale and appears more solemn sense. Based on style and features recurrence, restore the platform, the sculpture of Haechi (a lucky animal in ancient Chinese mythology), the historical waters, etc. to shape the ceremonial atmosphere of the site, as well as strengthen its sense of historical role in the city.

景观设计 Landscape design

山水肌底  历史文脉  一场城市百年的记忆追溯和重现  

The foundation of mountain and water, the historical cultural context is waiting for a dating back and recurrence of the city's centennial memory

历史格局的恢复，自然地脉的植入，多层空间结构的梳理营造。我们以此为绘本，将传统文化精神和生态底蕴传达给现代使用者。

Restore the historical pattern, implant the natural geographical context, organize and create the structure with multiple space layers. We use this blueprint to convey the traditional cultural spirit and ecological heritage to modern users.

将负一层空间塑造为参与感最大化的开放性空间，形成双层半开敞的轴线序列，打造两层不同的体验流线；上层世宗千步廊，体验历史风貌，直达光化门前区；下层嵌绿甬道，依附周边地形，提供丰富的游憩功能，顺接地铁建筑等周边区域。

The underground space will be shaped as the opening space with maximum sense of participation, forming the double half-opened axis sequence to create different experience streamlines at two layers; in the Sejong Thousand-step Corridor at the upper layer where will access to the front area of the Gwanghwamun, historical style and features can be experienced; depending on the surrounding terrain, the passage covered with green plants at the lower layer well provide rich recreational functions and connect to the surrounding areas such as subway constructions.

^{▲景观设计总平面}

^{▲置入山脉地形，打造百年后的城市森林，重塑纯粹的人行空间与仪式性场景。}

多元功能  植入K值 Diversified functions implanted with K value

1K≈10平方米。以K为单位，将各种不同活动赋予场地，梳理公共空间活动形式，根据基本单位K值换算不同功能空间的占地面积，合理布控置入，形成多元丰富的城市广场。

1K≈10 square meters.Taking K as a unit, various activities are assigned to the site and the activity forms of public space are sorted out, that is to say, convert the floor areas of different functional spaces according to the basic unit K value, forming a diverse and rich city square by reasonable layout and embedding.

^{▲参与性的景观空间毗邻地铁出入口，容纳各种大型公共活动的举办和狂欢。}

^{▲设置地下户外休闲空间。}

^{▲水景、亲水步道形成散步空间。}

^{▲通过水景及缓坡柔性过度，下穿前方市政道路，衔接北端历史广场。} 

百年三梦  乾坤一局

A three-hundred-year dream has passed through a period time of heaven and earth

阵风掠过，穿过城市的喧嚣，轻抚世宗大王的胡须，水面泛起层层涟漪；绿地的营造，避风的舒适空间，大尺度的历史自然景观。

A gust of breeze crosses through the noisy of the city, blowing the beard of King Sejong the Great and rippling the water surface; the comfortable rest space amid green space reappears the historical natural landscape greatly.

回归自然，感受历史。一场城市的革命，远离城市喧嚣和生活繁杂，重现大地历史精神要义。为光华门注入新的生活和活力，为城市的历史文化和变迁进行有机更新，倾听从古至今的历史声音。

Return to nature and feel the history. It is a city's revolution keeping the hustle and bustle of the city and life away and reproducing the essence of the historical spirit of the earth. Inject new life and vitality into the Gwanghwamun, organically renew the historical culture and changes of the city and listen to historical voices from ancient to modern times.

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