中国“方圆”惊艳法国肖蒙
2013年5月2日,国际创意园林展在法国瓦尔河畔的肖蒙隆重开幕,中国设计师、北京大学教授俞孔坚的作品“方圆”被隆重展出,并作为大师作品,永久收藏。是日,肖蒙所在的大区区长、省长和肖蒙市长、中国驻法国政务参赞朱京先生、以及来自法国各地文化艺术界翘楚200多人出席开幕仪式,俞孔坚教授作为贵宾应邀出席。开幕仪式后,所有政要和贵宾首先参观了中国“方圆”。其独特的设计构思,当代中国的设计风格,赢得主办方和嘉宾们的赞叹,当地媒体都给以广泛报道。据悉,今年来自各国的参展作品有20多个,是从近300个参赛项目中选出的,展会结束后将撤除。“方圆”是唯一一个中国园,是作为著名大师作品特邀设计、并永久保留的项目。
《方圆》
设计时间:2013年2月
建成时间:2013年5月
地点:法国肖蒙(Château Chaumont)
委托:法国肖蒙创意园林设计展
设计师:俞孔坚
本项目是2013法国肖蒙创意园林展的作品,并作为永久作品保留。方圆是对中国传统园林的当代解读,整体为外方内圆的形式设计,通过围合空间的建立和运用小中见大的中国园林手法以及填挖方的工程技术,将当代雨水利用理念及传统造园哲学相结合,创造亲切而富有美感的观赏和体验空间。
中国园林通常由文人和士大夫设计兴建,试图在围合的小空间中再现自然,以人工山水、亭台楼阁、小径曲桥和花木为元素。 空间上,运用盒子套盒子的技术和小中见大的策略,在有限的空间中,创造无限的体验和风景。与同时代的西方园林的节点和放射视线和路径有截然的不同。“方圆”项目应用当代设计语言来重新解读传统中国园林的哲学、手法与体验,同时融入当代生态理念,包括雨洪利用的理念。设计上有一下几大特点:
挖填方技术和雨洪利用:本场地处于整个园区的低洼地带,所以通过挖填方,在场地中形成一个方形水池。将土方对于四周,形成围合的高亢之地,便于种植竹林,已形成围合的方形空间。水池反射天光,流动的浮云和变幻日月以及四季变幻的植被,在有限的空间中创造出无限的风景。
曲线形的木栈道对角穿越方形水池,漂浮于水面。小栈道仅50厘米宽,容一人穿行。它是“圆”的符号,也是体验水池无限风光的路径。水池中间是三丛红色竹竿,它们可取之四周竹林的老杆,是可再生的材料。垂直的竹竿丛沿木栈道分布,令行走在栈道上的游客体验穿越的快感。垂直的竹丛倒影水中,与变换的天景相辉映,创造出宁静和深远的氛围。虽然水深只有30厘米,却通过垂直向天的红色竹竿,创造出无限深远的感觉。方圆周边和水中植物全部为中国植物,渲染出浓郁的中国气氛。
方与圆,直与曲,饱和的红色与变换的水色和天空,生机勃勃的绿色竹丛与刺上天空的红色竹竿,从元素到空间,“方圆”让人体验到的是中国:是传统的中国,更是当代的中国!
On May 2, 2013, the International Creative Garden Festival was kicked off in Chaumont, France on the Loire River. The “Square & Round,” a garden designed by Chinese architect Yu Kongjian, a professor from Peking University, was unveiled with much ceremony, and would be permanently kept as a masterpiece.
Present at the opening ceremony that day were the president of the region as well as the president of the department, where Chaumont is located, mayor of Chaumont, political counselor of Chinese Embassy in France Mr. Zhu Jing and more than 200 prestigious artists from all over France. Professor Kong was also invited as an honored guest to the opening ceremony.
After the ceremony, “Square & Round” was ushered in to all the governmental officials and distinguished guests. The unique conception of design and the contemporary Chinese style were much admired by the hosts and guests as well, and extensively covered by the local media. It is reported that about two dozens of works had been selected for the festival from nearly 300 projects this year; most of them would be dismantled and removed after the exhibition. However, the “Square & Round,” the only Chinese garden specially invited to the event as the work of a well-known master, will be permanently kept.
Square & Round
Designed: February 2013
Built: May 2013
Size: 100 Square meters
Location: Château Chaumont, French
Design: Kongjian Yu
Installed in Château Chaumont, French, this small rain garden, Square & Round, meaning Land and Sky, is a contemporary re-interpretation of Chinese Traditional Gardens by applying the formal language of curvilinear and square, the spatial experiential strategy of enclosure and making small into big, and through the building technique of cutting and fill. This project integrates the contemporary concept of stormwater management with the Chinese gardening philosophy about man and nature,and provide an intimate pleasant experience both for viewing and for performing.
Traditional Chinese garden represents natural landscapes in miniature. Typically built by scholars, poets, and former government official, the garden is always enclosed by a wall and has ponds, rocks, trees, flowers, and assortment pavilions that are connected by winding paths. Through a series of carefully composed scenes, the traditional Chinese garden becomes a replica of nature in miniature, "an artificial nature" intended for daily use.
Spatially, the Chinese intend to see big from the small, and developed a taste of closed, box-within-box landscape, compared to the westerners’ open, point-to-point and radiant view. Square & Round / 方圆distills the Chinese experience of landscape but with a new look, both psychologically and physically. A 9x9m square-shaped rain garden situates right in the center of the project, a depression excavated on site that allows rainwater runoff from the surrounding area. Through the cut-and-fill process, the mount is formed around the pond with bamboo planted on top, which creates a dense screen to block the pond from its surroundings. The creation of a curved floating path visually dividing the water surface in two areas, is inspired by the Chinese T’ai chi symbol, which is based on the idea that everything goes in cycles: the years, the months, the seasons, even human life itself. Through the integration of two seemingly contrasting forms - Square & Round - 方圆 represents the idea of complementary rather than conflicting.
Sharing the Chinese garden’s tradition of being a replica of nature in miniature, Square & Round / 方圆demonstrates an ecological minimalism beyond an aesthetic one within an area of 100 square meters. Storm water is retained in the depressions with Chinese lotus (Nelumbo nuceifera) blossom in summer,. Chinese plants are applied in the project to create a tranquil space with a sense of both Chinese traditions and contemporary sensibilities and materials. Bamboo branches that were seen as garden waste from the bamboo groves that define the square boundary will be collected on site and reused in this project: the red colored bamboo sticks groups in the middle of the reflection ponds along the curvilinear (symbolizing "round") wooden path. Combined with vertical bamboo sticks, the path not only creates a diagonal link across the water but also provides a "winding through" experience that Chinese classical gardens always celebrate.