成都沙河源公园景观设计 | AECOM

沙河源公园前身是大西南建材城，历史上作为成都的水运枢纽。场地内遗留的木材加工业的记忆，构成独具特色的场地特征。设计基于城市可持续性的视角，思考新时代下工业遗产的景观更新与功能转型，以此提出大西南建材厂的景观再生策略。在充分保护场地内遗留的工业遗产和历史风貌的基础上，采用低干扰措施优化原始生态环境，并融入适应现代生活方式的城市功能。沙河源公园项目解决了工业遗产保护与城市转型发展的矛盾，将城市中问题聚集的失落空间转变为具有独特场所精神的绿色空间，从而成为该行业的可持续发展的典例之一。

^{▲ 天府华年入口标识  ©LSSP}

^{▲ 总平面图  © AECOM}

沙河源公园所在地历史上是成都水运木材的重要枢纽，城市发展建设带来了水运的繁忙，成千上万的漂木昼夜不息地流动运输，促成成都木业空前繁荣。于1953年建设贮木场，1998年正式更名为大西南建材城。但随经济的发展，市场本身出现与城市发展不协调的地方，空间结构与社会环境的矛盾，历史遗存与发展更新的对抗，使得场地成为城市中的失落空间。2012年成都启动北城改造工程，将大西南建材城由此搬离市区，原址成为集居住，商业，公园的城市综合体项目。 

Shaheyuan Park has historically been an important waterway hub for wood transportation in Chengdu. In the 1950s, the urban construction of Chengdu brought with it increased waterway transportation activity. Thousands of logs were transported by waterway day and night, which further promoted the unprecedented prosperity of Chengdu Wood Industry. In 1953, the Chengdu Log Yard was formally established, and in 1998, was officially renamed the Southwest Lumber Mill. However, the log market itself appeared inconsistent with the development of the city and its economy. A conflict arose between the spatial structure and the social environment, and the dispute between historical relics and development updates began, making the site an abandoned part of the city. In 2012, the renovation project in the north part of Chengdu began, and the Southwest Lumber Mill was moved out of the city. The original site was planned for redevelopment as an urban complex integrating residential, commercial and park spaces.

^{▲ 历史上，成都水运繁荣}

^{▲ 大西南建材城场地现状}

2019年6月公园首先开放，为市民提供了全新的公共开放空间。在设计中，最大程度的尊重场地，保留原始生态环境，转型融入现代生活方式。包括以原木为叙事原点的场所记忆转译系统，自然生长的绿色生态系统以及多元开放的公众参与活动。同时，场地位于锦江绿道规划带中，沙河源公园的建立，形成了连续的城市绿廊。

^{Shaheyuan Park first opened in June 2019, providing citizens with a new public open space. The project fully maximized and maintained the site's cultural memory and preserved the original ecological environment, while integrating urban functions that adapt to modern lifestyles. Specifically, the project integrated the site’s wood culture into the design, reshaping the relationship between human and nature and creating a people-oriented, multi-functional space. Additionally, as part of the Jinjiang Greenway planning belt, the establishment of Shaheyuan Park is aligned with the development of continuous urban green infrastructure in Chengdu.}

^{▲ 鸟瞰图  © LSSP}

设计目标

Design Goals

基于城市可持续性的视角，将场地记忆与生态环境相融合，通过适应现代城市生活方式的转型，延续大西南建材城的历史文脉，将城市中问题聚集的失落空间转变为具有独特场所精神的活力绿色空间。

^{Based on the perspective of urban sustainability, the park’s design merged the site’s legacy, ecological and environmental management and integrated urban functions for modern lifestyles. The Shaheyuan Park project has retained the cultural memory of the Southwest Lumber Mill and successfully transformed the abandoned area into a unique, green space.}

设计概念

Design Concept

设计团队充分挖掘了木材厂的历史记忆演变历程，提炼场地元素，提出“林-木-人”的设计概念，重塑场所中土地、记忆与人的相互联结，重新焕发场地精神。

^{After fully researching the historical evolution of the lumber mill, the design team advocated a concept called “forest-wood-human.” In addition to reshaping the connection between the site’s memory and human interaction, the park’s design rebuilt an energetic space with unique cultural references to the site's heritage.}

^{▲ 公园设计概念  © AECOM}

设计干预

Design Interventions

1. 融合演绎场地的历史与文化

见证场地发展演变的重要因素：木，是代表这片土地情怀的场地记忆。以原木为叙事原点，对场所的历史与记忆进行转译。通过“木材料-木运输-木加工-木储存”的木材演替轮回，建构“ 林-木-人“的关系，回溯从历史上的水运枢纽到木材厂到公园的转变历程。 设计最大化保留场地曾用来运输木材的遗留铁轨，将其转化为连接场地木材文化景观节点的历史记忆轴线, 同时也作为木材运输环节的展示节点。木桩迷宫和堆木乐园，储木池依次展现了木材使用和储存的环节，重建了与场地历史之间的联系，并融入市民活动空间。仿木廊架将木材文化以另一种形式储存在场地中, 仿佛车站的月台般, 成为了连接沙河源公园过去与未来中转的站点。在人与景观的互动中唤起历史上关于这片土地的集体记忆，塑造沙河源公园的场所精神。

^{1. Integrating the site’s history and culture into the design}

^{Wood was chosen as the main element of Shaheyuan Park’s design. Having witnessed the development and evolution of the site, wood represents the feelings and memories connected with the land. It is used in the narrative to translate the history and memory of the site. The evolution of the site, from being a historical water transportation hub to a lumber mill, was depicted through the wood succession transformation cycle called ”forest-lumber-transportation-processing-storage.” The relationship of "forest-wood-human" has also been infused into the park.}

^{The design maximized the remaining railway that used to transport wood, connecting wood culture nodes and serving as a remembrance of the area’s transportation heritage. The park features a log-pile maze, log-pile entertainment park, river corridors for wood-storage and educational exhibits which provide natural play opportunities for park visitors. The wood framework preserves the site’s wood culture in another form, becoming a gathering space for neighboring residents, and serving as a connecting link between the past and future of Shaheyuan Park.} 

^{▲ 位于公园南部入口出的年轮广场  ©LSSP}

^{▲  保留了历史铁轨线  ©LSSP}

^{▲ 木桩迷宫  ©于海}

2. 重塑人与自然的关系 

公园是城市绿廊的重要节点，基于可持续发展视角，运用系列低干扰措施优化原始生态环境。以保留河道周边的现状大树为基础，并从生态系统，季相变化，空间视线，植物色彩，四个方面，完善滨河植物组团的群落结构，营造多样的动植物生境。 在水环境维持与提升策略方面：首先，公园引入沙河来联通城市水系，允许河水进入场地，并且在公园地势最低处建立生态湖泊，在暴雨或洪水时可调节水位，来恢复场地原本的滞洪功能。其次，雨水径流经过生态草沟，雨水花园，湿地、生态溪流、滞留草坪等一系列海绵设施补给生态湖，同时也确保回到河流的溢流水得到净化和过滤。湖底水下森林的设计为水生物多样性提供了条件，兼具景观与生态价值。

^{2. Reshaping the relationship between people and nature}

^{Shaheyuan Park serves as an important node of the urban green corridor. The park’s design uses low-impact and low-intervention measures to optimize the original ecological environment. To preserve the existing mature trees along the riverbank, the riverside plant community was rehabilitated. This was done for the migratory corridor enhancement of native flora and fauna in line with the following four aspects: ecosystems, seasonal changes, spatial perspective and plant color.} 

^{In the aspect of water circulation: firstly, water from the Sha River was diverted to connect to the urban water system. Allowing water to enter and be retained in the site ― particularly during floods ― alleviates pressure on rivers and also reinstates the site's previous floodplain function. Secondly, rainwater runoff goes through a bioswale, rain garden, ecological wetland and ecological stream to replenish the ecological lake, also ensuring that overflow water returning to the river is filtered and of higher quality. Additionally, the design of the underwater forest at the bottom of the lake provides the conditions for aquatic biodiversity and has both landscaping and ecological value.} 

^{▲ 保护并优化植物群落结构  ©LSSP}

^{▲ 水循环  ©AECOM}

3. 打造以人文为本的，多功能复合的空间

过去车行为导向的城市开发，使得北部市政桥主要服务于货车通行，但随着场地功能转型，为营造步行友好、安全舒适的高品质城市空间，将桥转化为自行车道和人行友好的步道，完善城市慢性体系。通过增加绿色空间来缩小尺度，软化场地的硬质感，同时引导人车分流，增添景观基础设施，提供多元休闲的活动空间。除此之外，在场地的转型历程中，周边居住区存在人群多元化与差异化的发展趋势，不同社群体聚集于此，为满足不同人群诉求，促进社会公平，公园提供了多功能复合的活动空间。

^{3. Creating people-oriented and multi-functional space}

^{In the past, vehicle-oriented urban development led to the northern municipal bridge mainly serving truck traffic. However, due to the transformation of the site function, the renovated bridge replaced the unnecessary vehicle lanes with bikeways and a pedestrian-friendly platform, adding green spaces and seats, while guiding pedestrians and cyclists into the park — creating a safe and comfortable repurposed gateway bridge.In addition, during the functional transformation of the site, there is a trend that diversified and differentiated populations would gradually gather in the surrounding residential areas. Therefore, to satisfy the requirements from different groups of people, provisions are made for families, toddlers, children, elderly and adults throughout the park.}

^{▲ 改造后的北部市政桥   ©LSSP}

^{▲ 公园内极具特色的大廊架  ©LSSP}

沙河源公园以充满特色的设计展露场地独有个性，在古老的历史上构筑未来，以人为本，同时尊重木业遗绪的价值，与城市快速发展的步伐接轨，解决了工业遗产保护与城市转型发展的矛盾。每一个细节都以独具特色的场地历史和可持续发展原则为基础，成功地将城市中问题聚集的失落空间转变为具有独特场所精神的活力绿色空间，从而成为该行业的可持续发展的典范案例之一。

Every detail of the Shaheyuan Park project is based on the unique site history and the principle of sustainable development. By expressing unique characteristics with a special design developed from its historical legacy, It celebrates the value of wood, embraces a people-oriented philosophy and is blended with the rapid development of the city. 

^{项目名称：成都沙河源公园}

^{位置：四川成都}

^{委托方：中国电建地产西南区域、成都市金牛城建投资有限公司、成都岷江海赋投资有限责任公司}

^{合作方：成都澳博景观设计有限公司}

^{服务范围：景观设计}

^{面积：11.7公顷}

^{设计时间 ：2015-2018}

^{建成时间：2019年}

^{荣获奖项：}

^{Citation Award, Urban Design, AIA Shanghai | Beijing Design Awards 2020}

^{2020第四届ELA国际景观大奖 - ELA年度十大景观项目、最具社会影响力银奖、最佳开放空间金奖}

^{主创及设计团队：沈同生、 Lee Parks、 范垂勇、于海、刘晓丹、闫伟、杨娇妮、苏娴、彭瑾韧、巫依琳、刘迪轩、郑亚君}

^{Client：PowerChina Real Estate Group Ltd. Southwest, Chengdu Golden Bull District Construction Investment Co., Ltd., Chengdu Minjiang Haifu Investment Co., Ltd.}

^{Partner：AOBO Landscape}

^{Site Area：11.7 hectares} 

^{Service Provided：Landscape}

^{Design Year ：2015-2018}

^{Completion Year：2019}

^{Awards：Citation Award, Urban Design, AIA Shanghai | Beijing Design Awards 2020}

^{Best Open Space Landscape Design Project (Gold Award) & Annual Best Ten Landscape Design Project & Most Socially Impactful Landscape Design Project (Silver Award), 2020 ELA Awards}

^{Lead Designer and Project Team：Stone Shen, Lee Parks, Chuiyong Fan, Hai Yu, Xiaodan Liu, Wei Yan, Jiaoni Yang, Xian Su, Jinren Peng, Yilin Wu, Dixuan Liu, Yajun Zhuang}

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