阳朔竹林亭台楼阁建筑设计 | llLab. 叙向建筑

桂林山水甲天下，项目地位于阳朔印象刘三姐园区，中国最富戏剧性的自然景观环境区之一。无尽的绿植环绕着大型山丘巨石之间，面对如此宏伟的景观地貌，任何与之不协调而对抗的设计手法都变得不再合理。基于这种对于现场的理解，自然元素本身即成为这次建筑概念设计的前提，尤其是竹子。

The Impression Sanjie Liu, Yangshuo, Guilin is located in one of the most dramatic landscapes in China. Endless greenery surrounds the site filling space between large karst towers of rock. With a landscape so grand any moves to dismiss it, let alone compete would make little sense. With this understanding it was decided that the natural elements themselves would form the premise for what architecture would inhabit the site, one element in particular, bamboo. 

▼项目鸟瞰

Aerial view the project ©存在建筑

印象刘三姐园区的演出，已经运营15年的时间了。参考本地景观的状态，针对于该项目的设计出发点提出了一种将大多数现有结构维持不变的想法，将设计和规划的重点转移到采用一种可以维护现有景观的同时，更加强调和突出本地自然之美的干预手法。

The Impression Sanjie Liu is already well established, now in its 15th year of operation. The project presented a situation where most existing structures would remain untouched. Instead focus shifted to how introducing new intervention could support a pre-existing condition. 

▼项目沿河外观

External view of the project along the river ©存在建筑

目前，大部分地区都覆盖有大片竹子，形成了竹林绿道长廊的结构。为了与已经存在的方式相吻合，新建筑考虑借用竹子的生长习性和其生长过程中形成的空间形态，将其重新配置以形成新的空间。这样的设计和实施策略，使新形成的空间不会与现有的自然环境相互竞争，同时却有呼应和强化的效果。尽管自然的手法，达到最佳效果需要过度时期和相对来说较长的时间，但这样的过程反而更能体现出这样可生长的设计策略的力量，同时增强了感受者与周围的竹林和丘陵的互动感和意识感。

At present, large clusters of bamboo cover most of the site, creating structures of mingling pipes and leaves. As a means to coincide with what is already there, the new architecture looked at borrowing the materiality of the bamboo, reconfiguring it to form new space. In doing so, this new space means not to contest. Instead it aims to augment, albeit very gently, the surrounding bamboo groves and hills.

▼新的空间与自然环境相融合

The new space merges with the natural environment ©存在建筑

印象刘三姐的演出在天黑后开始，观众和园区的拜访者主要集中在园区岛屿的两端，起始点为园区的主入口，即宾客到达的入口和原鼓楼区域（现修缮后的印象刘三姐文化博物馆场地），另一端，也就是演出舞台及观众席，则位于园区最深处的漓江岸边。而此两端之间，占据园区大部分区域的空间却仅仅作为交通疏散及流线的区域来使用，完全没有连接性的文化内容帮助访客获得更有意义的体验。正是在这个中间模棱两可的空间里，项目的概念引入了两个新的体系以融合入现有的自然肌理同时形成一种情绪感知及故事文化的铺垫过程。

Currently, the night show entertains guests in two areas, one at either end of the island site. The entry and pagoda where guests arrive, and the main stage, perched at the bank of the Li river at the other end. Between these two points little interaction takes place. It is here in this middle ground that two new assemblies of architecture are introduced. 

▼连接园区岛屿两端的空间

Space connecting both ends of the island in the park ©存在建筑

第一个体系“竹灯未央”, 即手工竹编制成的灯笼结构空间，散落分布在访客入场流线的区域，以作为入场前感受印象刘三姐文化的体验/文创销售/休憩空间点。另一个体系“手工竹艺长廊”, 在竹丛之间形成一层手工编织高低错落的“竹网”，提供了可以避开常规降雨的步行区域。这两个竹体体系的创建和形成，则不仅仅是作为它们本身存在的属性，而它们与周围自然环境的材料上的，肢体上的，感受上的一种内外在的共鸣与呼应，则更是不断传递着层层更新的意义，使相互赋予更强更有活力的生命力。

The first, woven bamboo lantern structures, scattered where guests circulate, whose purpose is to guide and intrigue. Then the other, a stretch of woven canopy amongst clusters of bamboo, providing area to walk sheltered from regular rainfall. In these, the architecture relies on bamboo not only for its composition, but also its constant referral to parts that constitutes the place.

▼“竹灯”设计图纸及施工

Bamboo lantern design drawings and construction ©llLab. 叙向建筑设计

▼手工竹编制成的灯笼结构空间“竹灯未央”

Woven bamboo lantern structures ©存在建筑

▼手工竹艺长廊设计图纸及施工

Woven canopy design drawings and construction ©llLab. 叙向建筑设计

▼“手工竹艺长廊”在竹丛之间形成一层手工编织高低错落的“竹网”

A stretch of woven canopy amongst clusters of bamboo ©存在建筑

▼从长廊看向竹灯

View to the lantern from the canopy ©存在建筑

刚刚进入园区时，沿着通往演出场地的通道，体型较小的竹灯会发出斑驳的光线信号，随着访客进一步向园区深处走去时，原本视觉上因为距离而感觉是竹灯的体量突然变得越来越大，以至于可以成为可以供人使用的空间。视觉产生的体积大小的错觉，和当认知到这个实现错觉并感受到不同体量变化带来的物品和空间的不同感受时，原本纯流线的行走通道则因此变得有趣，从而不再因为功能上和行为上的单一性带来感受上的单调感。

When entering the site, lanterns small in stature line along the pathway cast out signals of dappled light. As visitors travel further the once small lanterns become drastically larger to a point where the guests can find themselves able to walk inside. The makeup of the lanterns remains sincere, with a structure of bamboo lengths encased in lashed bamboo either side. 

▼从小到大的竹灯引导人进入

Bamboo lanterns from small to large leading people to the entrance ©llLab. 叙向建筑设计

竹灯的妆容是真诚的，内外两侧都由手工切割的竹条绑扎包裹着天然竹杆自然找形形成的竹制结构。微观视角地观察其细节，人们可以感觉到只有在真正手工制作的条件下才能创造出的随机美感。竹灯的外侧编织层感官上略显深暗一些，即真实反映了通过火烧加热处理以形成弯曲的竹灯轮廓所留下的自然印迹。基于此工艺的基础上，当地的工匠团队以随机的方式将无数的竹条相互穿插缠绕，不夹杂任何胶水或钉子来保持其形状和纹理，并完全自然地以此方式寻找着最真实的光线穿透效果。这种生产方法展示了错综复杂却最合理真实的创造方式，同时清晰地由工匠们的手及其潜意识对材料的深刻理解和对材料美感的意识形态所塑造。

On closer inspection one can get a sense of the random beauty that can only be created when something is truly constructed by hand. The slightly dark appearance of bamboo framing shows markings of how it is bowed with fire to create the curved lantern silhouette. Over this, piece by piece, teams of local craftsman have threaded numerous stripes of bamboo in an unintentional pattern that requires no glues or nails to hold its shape. This method of production is a showcase of intricacy, clearly shaped by the hands of people and their intuition of beauty. 

▼竹灯细部，自然编织

Details of the lantern composed of stripes of bamboo in an unintentional pattern ©存在建筑

在日光下，竹灯的外形显得相对坚实，外壳的黄色与绿色的环境相辅相成。到了晚上，竹灯的个性从空间性的体态转变为多孔而更加通透的形式。竹灯本身成为光的散射体，与访客一起玩起了视觉空间的变形和光线变化的戏剧游戏。从整体上看，竹灯的概念取之于园区竹丛在空中交错而形成的拱形门洞式形态，然而，几乎是一种偶然，当仰望远处时，阳朔的自然石山也呼应了竹灯的轮廓。桂林的风景沿着眼前的地平线散落。

In the daylight, the lanterns appear solid, the yellow of the shell in compliment with the green surrounding. Come night the personality of the lantern shifts from something more unyielding to a porous shell. The lantern itself is a diffuser of light, playing theatrics of scale and light with guests. As a whole, the lantern looks at home under the arching towers of bamboo in its peripheries. Almost by chance, when looking to the distance the lantern silhouette is echoed by the stone towers of the Yangshuo, Guilin landscape strewn along the immediate horizon. 

▼日光下竹灯外壳的黄色与绿色的环境相辅相成 

The yellow of the shell in compliment with the green surrounding ©存在建筑

沿着岛的边缘伸展，“手工竹艺长廊”的竹棚飘浮在错落而至的竹丛之间，乍一看，它似乎几乎没有依靠结构支撑，只有竹丛穿过竹棚圆形的开口空间并向上生长，而隐藏在其中的如竹子般粗细的结构柱，则从其立足点开始向上向外旋转而扭曲地，如模仿了竹子的生长模式一般，也长入圆形的开口空间并与竹棚内部的结构相连。

Further along at the edge of the island, the canopy shrouds itself within the large masts of bamboo. At first glance it appears to rely on little for support, only the columns of bamboo shooting up and through circular openings. Hidden amongst these living clusters columns twist from their footing upward and outward mimicking the indecisive route of the bamboo to meet the structure above. Supported by the columns in a maze of tubes, the structure of the canopy while seen doesn’t look out of place. The hand-woven layer obscures what is in front and what lays behind. 

▼竹棚飘浮在错落而至的竹丛之间，向远处延伸

The stretched canopy shrouds itself within the large masts of bamboo ©存在建筑

▼长廊下仿佛没有结构支撑

There as if no vertical supporting under the canopy ©存在建筑

▼结构柱隐藏在竹丛中

The structural columns hidden in the bamboos ©存在建筑

“手工竹艺长廊”的竹条编织表面从入口的位置延伸140米有余，呈倒置景观的形状，并不同高低幅度地上下起伏，同时，竹棚表面完全用与竹灯相同的不规则手工编织竹条制作而成，看起来如是幻想中的空间体验，并顺着竹体波浪飘向空间的深处，将原本枯燥的等待体验变得虚幻而沉浸，又再次将访客的感观扩展到整个自然环境的氛围中去。

Stretching 140m from where you stand the woven ceiling takes on a shape of an inverted landscape, undulating between different levels of surfaces. The stepping surface of the canopy is pieced together entirely in the same irregular hand-woven bamboo as the lantern, but on a scale that seems that it should be seated in fantasy. The resulting intention means to enchant while still extending recognition to the natural condition of the site. 

▼上下起伏的竹棚

The bamboo shed up and down ©存在建筑

光线穿透竹编波浪，将斑驳的光点散布到地面上。当在竹棚下行走时，光亮通过竹棚散射开均匀的照亮整个空间，但当抬头仰望时，却可感受到意想不到的视觉体验。整个顶篷散发出温和的光芒，并发散出金色的光辉。当夜色降临时，竹棚体内的人造灯光光线通过竹网的缝隙，将光体更有戏剧性更专注的照射在地面，顶底两层光波的实虚包夹，更让体验变得充实。

Under daylight, light streams through to the woven canopy bringing patches of dappled light to the ground below. While reprieve from the sun is apparent when walking underneath, in an unexpected compliment when looking up the ceiling appears illuminated, the entire canopy giving off a temperate glow. In the transition to night, introduced light within the volume rises in intensity focusing the spattering of light in a more vivid pattern on the pathway. Fragments of bodies dip in and out view as light streams down through the ceiling above onto guests making their way the stage. 

▼日光下的长廊

Canopy under the sunlight ©存在建筑

▼竹棚顶篷散发出温和的光芒

The entire canopy giving off a temperate glow ©存在建筑

对刘三姐印象的戏剧精神的认可及对当地自然环境的感动和尊敬，很多感知的元素潜移默化地穿插进入了设计的许多部分：手工编织文化的融入，竹条材料的使用与自然竹林环境的融合，竹棚起伏的倒置地形在竹丛立柱之间的舞动，结构柱的体态与竹子生长形态的呼应，甚至在叙事性的流线及互动情境中，访客从一个竹灯移到另一个空间的方式，这些微妙的细节提示共同激发了特定的意识感知框架，为访客观看印象刘三姐的演出带来了最好的心理和文化的铺垫。

In acknowledgment to the theatrical spirit of the Impression Sanjie Liu, moments of performance make its way into many parts of the design: The hand weaving, bamboo playing off the tension of one another. The topography of the canopy ceiling dancing between columns of bamboo as if unsupported. Even the way guests are intended to move from lantern to lantern, in a narrative of interaction. Together these subtle hints encourage a particular frame of mind, readying the guest for the main feature. 

▼编织文化、竹条材料与自然环境的融合

Integration of weaving culture, bamboo strip material and natural environment ©存在建筑

▼模型图 

Physical model ©llLab. 叙向建筑设计

_项目信息

_{项目名称：竹林亭台楼阁（印象刘三姐园区）}

_{项目地点：中国桂林阳朔}

_{场地面积：90000m2}

_{建筑面积：1900m2}

_{项目状态：已完工}

_{项目时间：2018年5月-2020年7月}

_{项目客户：桂林大型山水实景演出《印象•刘三姐》}

_{建筑设计公司：llLab. | 叙向建筑设计（https://www.lllab.net/）}

_{建筑设计：刘涵晓、Henry D'Ath、胡乐贤、Alyssa Tang、范超然、Luis Ricardo、David Correa}

_{项目管理总承包：玻陶铂丝（上海）建设工程有限公司}

_{项目管理：密李华、柴大林、张浩、万国阳}

_{结构设计：栾栌构造设计事务所}

_{竹灯、竹编、结构前期研发：上海檀檀道具有限公司}

_{研发团队：崔齐明、孟庚}

_{竹灯、竹编施工，结构安装：上海境道原竹建筑设计工程有限公司}

_{原石地面：刘海明、刘静、蔡长发、余和权、梁火凤、余和坤、余代中、陶秀平、李保兴、安若缺}

_{摄影：存在建筑-建筑摄影}

_{版权声明：本文版权归原作者所有，请勿以景观中国编辑版本转载。如有侵犯您的权益请及时联系，我们将第一时间删除。}

_{投稿邮箱：info@landscape.cn}

_{项目咨询：18510568018（微信同号）}